ABSTRACT
Urban green spaces are perceived as vital urban infrastructure for healing from the spread of the COVID-19 disease. Regarding the limited availability and the high price of land in urban areas, local governments are encouraged to find alternative solutions that are good, appropriate, and fast to achieve the target of 30% green open space in their area. Based on the Green City Development Roadmap by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing in 2015, several cities were creatively assessing and determining the components of green open space based on the city's natural character and stipulated in local regulations. This causes the diversity of existing green open space data in each city which cannot be compared validly. Furthermore, along with technology development in providing more environmentally friendly elements, the term "green open space"is considered to limit improvement efforts in the quantity and quality of urban green spaces. Therefore, this descriptive-qualitative study was conducted to find a new paradigm in defining green open spaces through benchmarking methods based on selected cities' strategic and practical policies. The study results found the term "green space"in general as a response to the spatial problem that does not limit the function and utilization of the space, such as the condition of being open or closed by a tree canopy, owned by public or private, or furnished with vegetation and/or hardscape elements. However, we consider that implementing this breakthrough idea needs to be supported by related scientific studies and best practices relevant to the environmental context, both ecological, social, and cultural aspects. Consequently, a deeper study in realizing the green space concept needs to be carried out, primarily related to proving that this concept can increase both the quantity and quality of the urban green space. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
ABSTRACT
Food security still becomes a big challenge nowadays, especially since the spreading of Covid-19 pandemic. Facts show that a large-scale social restriction policy in Indonesia limits the movement of logistics to distribute food. This situation tends to worsen due to the limited number of agricultural lands. Environmental or ecological sustainability in agriculture activity is also rarely considered, making the land poor for agriculture. Permaculture can be a viable approach to achieve sustainable food security, by creating a cultivated ecosystem which provides necessary human needs along with natural regeneration. Kuttab Al Fatih (KAF) Islamic School was chosen as the case study because contextually KAF has the potential to implement permaculture to its landscape development. Therefore, this paper discusses how to implement permaculture to KAF landscape development. This research was conducted with a literature review, field survey, and case study to determine permaculture design considerations within the selected project. The findings show that the permaculture landscape encourages the people to serve their needs (including foods) within the site without harming the environment. Through mimicking nature and adapting the pattern, permaculture system can create a sustainable ecosystem for people and other creatures to live in harmony. The implementation of permaculture at KAF should consider the Islamic values and the prohibitions in order the implementation does not conflict with user’s beliefs. User’s food needs, procurement, and human resources become another factor that should be considered to ensure the permaculture implementation is visible at KAF since the users are not staying at school.
ABSTRACT
The research results in the last two decades show the important role of pekarangan as a micro-scale landscape unit in providing space for growing various types of plants, i.e., multi-layers from the grasses to the trees, livestock, and fish. Pekarangan is defined with distinctive spatial patterns and elements as a representation of the harmonious relationship between the owner and the ecological character. Perceptions and preferences based on different social, cultural, and environmental factors shape the pekarangan pattern and function to become more diverse as a form of community local wisdom. The important role of pekarangan needs to be deeper elaborated in efforts to increase community immunity during the Covid-19 pandemic. Pekarangan has great potential to be developed as a mitigation and rehabilitation space by providing a variety of medicinal plants as well as outdoor activity spaces with a healthy environment quality. This research was designed for three years with three main approaches: (1) inductive method, which focuses on building theory from practices that have been known and carried out for generations, (2) implementation as an effort to actualize local knowledge, (3) multiplicative for the benefit of the important value of pekarangan. Studies start from basic research of pekarangan;research on the development of spatial planning and elements forming pekarangan;research on nutritional content contributed from pekarangan products. Data were obtained through pekarangan mapping, structured questionnaires at four selected locations in Cisadane, Citarum, Kali Progo, and Brantas Watersheds. The results of this research are expected to be implemented in public spaces on a meso scale and macro scales.